| |
to
offer your comments click here >>
Discussion
Forum
Josephus'
Historical Record of Christ
"At face value,
Josephus appears to be the answer to the Christian apologist's dreams.
He was a messianic Jew, not a Christian, so he could not be accused of
bias. He did not spend a lot of time or space on his report of Jesus,
showing that he was merely reporting facts, not spouting propaganda like
the Gospel writers. Although he was born in 37 AD and could not have been
a contemporary of Jesus, he lived close enough to the time to be considered
a valuable second-hand source. Josephus was a highly respected and much-quoted
Roman historian. He died sometime after the year 100. His two major tomes
were The Antiquities of the Jews and The Wars of the jews. Antiquities
was written sometime around the year 90 AD. It begins, "In the beginning
God created the heaven and the earth," and arduously parallels the
Old Testament up to the time when Josephus is able to add equally arduous
historical details of Jewish life during the early Roman period. In Book
18, Chapter 3, this paragraph is encountered (Whiston's translation):
"Now,
there was about this time, Jesus, a wise man,
if it be lawful to call him a man, for he was a doer of wonderfulworks,
(check link) a teacher of such men as receive the truth with pleasure.
He drew over to him both many of the Jews, and many of the Gentiles.
He was [the] Christ; and when Pilate, at the suggestion of the principal
men amongst us, had condemned him to the cross, those that loved him at
the first did not forsake him, for he appeared to them alive again the
third day, as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand
other wonderful things concerning him; and the tribe of Christians, so
named from him, are not extinct at this day."
(check the link) This truly appears to give
historical confirmation for the existence of Jesus. But is it authentic?
Most scholars, including most fundamentalist scholars, admit that at least
some parts of this paragraph cannot be authentic. Many are convinced that
the entire paragraph is a forgery, an interpolation inserted by Christians
at a later time. There are many reasons for this:
1.The paragraph is
absent from early copies of the works of Josephus.
For example, it does not appear in Origen's second-century version of
Josephus, contained in Origen Contra Celsum where Origen fiercely
defended Christianity against the heretical views of Celsus. Origen quoted
freely from Josephus to prove his points, but never once used this paragraph,
which would have been the ultimate ace up his sleeve.
In fact, the Josephus paragraph about Jesus does not appear until the
beginning of the fourth century, at the time of Constantine. Bishop Eusebius,
a close ally of Emperor Constantine, was instrumental in crystallizing
and defining the version of Christianity which was to become orthodox,
and he is the first person known to have quoted this paragraph of Josephus.
Eusebius said that it was permissible for Christians to tell lies if it
furthered the kingdom of God. The fact that
the Josephus-Jesus paragraph shows up at this time of history, at a time
when interpolations and revisions were quite common, makes the passage
quite dubious.
Many scholars beheve that Eusebius was the forger.
2.The
passage is out of context. In Book 18, which contains the paragraph
about Jesus, Josephus starts with the Roman taxation under Cyrenius in
6 AD, talks about various Jewish sects at the time, including the Essenes,
and a sect of Judas the Galilean. He discusses Herod's building of various
cities, the succession of priests and procurators, and so on. Chapter
3 starts with a sedition against Pilate who planned to slaughter all the
Jews but changed his mind. Pilate then used sacred money to supply water
to Jerusalem, and the Jews protested. Pilate sent spies into the Jewish
ranks with concealed weapons, and there was a great massacre. Then
comes the paragraph about Jesus, and immediately after it, Josephus
continues: "And about the same time another
terrible misfortune confounded the Jews . .." Josephus, an
orthodox Jew, would not have thought the Christian story to be "another
terrible misfortune." It is only a Christian
(someone like Eusebius) who would have considered this to be a Jewish
tragedy. Paragraph 3 can be lifted out of the text with no damage
to the chapter. It flows better without it.
3.Josephus
would not have called Jesus "the Christ" or "the truth."
Whoever
wrote these phrases was a Christian.
Josephus was a messianic
Jew and never converted to Christianity.
4.The phrase "to
this day" shows that this is a later interpolation. There
was no "tribe of Christians" during Josephus's time.
Christianity did not get off the ground until the second century.
Last Days Report showing that the original manuscripts of Josephus
have been corrupted
by the Catholic Church to maintain support for their spurious mythical
jesus story.
5.Josephus appears
not to know anything else about Jesus outside of this tiny paragraph and
a reference to James, the "brother of Jesus" (see below). He
is silent about the miracles of Jesus, although he reports the
antics of other prophets in great detail. He adds nothing to the Gospel
narratives, and says nothing that would not have been known by Christians
already, whether in the first or fourth century. In all of Josephus's
voluminous works, there is not a single reference
to Christianity anywhere outside of this tiny paragraph. He relates
much more about John the Baptist than about Jesus. He lists the activities
of many other self-proclaimed Messiahs, including Judas of Galilee, Theudas
the magician, and the Egyptian Jew Messiah, but is mute about the life
of one whom he claims is the answer to his messianic hopes.
6.The paragraph mentions
that the life of Jesus was foretold by the divine prophets, but Josephus
neglects to mention who these prophets were or what they said.
In no other place does Josephus connect any Hebrew prediction with the
life of Jesus. If Jesus truly had been the fulfillment of divine
prophecy, Josephus would have been the one learned enough to confirm it.
The hyperbolic language is uncharacteristic of a careful historian: "
. . . as the divine prophets had foretold these and ten thousand other
wonderful things concerning him . . ." This
sounds more like the stuff of sectarian propaganda.
Christians should
be careful when they refer to Josephus as historical confirmation for
Jesus. It turns around and bites them. If we remove the forged paragraph,
the works of Josephus become evidence against historicity.
If the life of Jesus was historical, why did Josephus know nothing of
it? And why did the Catholic fathers corrupt the original writings of
Josephus by adding a clause to describe jesus?"
NO READER OF THIS
TEXT HAS CLAIMED THE MILLIONS OF DOLLARS OFFERED ON THE INTERNET BY MANY
SITES WITH AUTHENTIC HISTORICAL PROOF WITH INDEPENDENT HISTORICAL RECORDS
OF THE EXISTANCE OF A REAL PERSON CALLED JESUS CHRIST WHO DID ALL THE
THINGS ACCREDITED TO HIM.
Last Days Report showing that the original manuscripts of Josephus
have been corrupted
by the Catholic Church to maintain support for their spurious mythical
jesus story. see Jewish - Christian Gods.
to
offer your comments click here >>
Discussion
Forum
For more details on
this issue refer to the author:"
http://www.users.bigpond.com/pmurray/Rants/doc/lfif-51.html
|